ADHD Medications - Stimulant Or Non Stimulant?
Stimulant medication is the first-choice treatment for ADHD and for a lot of people, they work effectively. Some suffer from negative side effects or they do not work for everyone.
Doctors sometimes prescribe non-stimulant ADHD medication instead, or in addition to stimulants. These include medicines that treat high blood pressure, such as clonidine or guanfacine (Tenex). They also include others which help in promoting the state of being awake.
Benefits
Stimulants are the first medications doctors prescribe to treat ADHD. They help improve the communication between brain nerves. These drugs increase the levels of neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) dopamine and norepinephrine which aid in improving concentration and reduce impulsiveness and hyperactivity. These drugs are available in a variety of forms and fall into two drug categories amphetamines or methylphenidates. Due to their potential for misuse, they are regulated substances. The dosage, distribution and usage of these medications are tightly regulated.
Doctors may prescribe a mix medication that includes stimulants and nonstimulants. This could be because a stimulant isn't effective enough, or because of side effects that are too extreme, or because the person is suffering from a mental illness that requires treatment. Adults and children often receive combination treatments.
Nonstimulant medications include atomoxetine, guanfacine and viloxazine. They are generally well-tolerated and don't pose the same danger of abuse or addiction as stimulants do. They might take longer to work and last longer than stimulants, but they are effective in treating ADHD symptoms.
Most people who take nonstimulant ADHD medications experience moderate to mild side-effects. These include headaches, stomach upsets, and insomnia. Some people might be more difficult to stay awake while taking these medications however this is likely to be less of an issue for children than for adults.
Speak to your doctor If you or your child is contemplating medication for ADHD. They'll explain the various medications, their benefits and risks and how you can begin. They'll also assist you in finding the medication and dosage that is most suitable for you.
It may require a few tries to determine the appropriate medication and dosage. The goal is to control your ADHD symptoms with the lowest number of side consequences. Once you've found the right medication, you must continue to take it. If you stop taking it, your symptoms will come back. Most people with ADHD need to take these medications for the rest of their lives.
Dosage
Stimulant medications like Adderall (methylphenidate/dextroamphetamine) and Ritalin (methylphenidate) increase levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which boosts communication between nerves. This improves focus and concentration, and reduces hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive. It is the first type that doctors prescribe for ADHD. how does medication for adhd work 's not for everyone, and it can have undesirable side effects.
Non-stimulant drugs that are FDA-approved, such as Strattera (atomoxetine), and Intuniv(guanfacine) are used to treat ADHD in adults. They alleviate symptoms by acting directly on the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which creates an euphoric effect. They are typically employed in conjunction with stimulant drugs or when the stimulant medication fails to work for you.
Both atomoxetine and guanfacine are in the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists class of medications which means that they work by blocking receptors which transmit dopamine to other cells. This permits other chemicals in the brain, like norepinephrine, to enter the brain and cause the effect of calming, which enhances attention and reduces impulsivity and hyperactivity.
While the amphetamine and methylphenidate classes of medicines are efficient in cutting down or eliminating ADHD symptoms but they are also prone to the risk for abuse, addiction, and overdose. These drugs are classified as controlled substances, and they come with "boxed" warnings that warn users of the dangers. These drugs are also susceptible to shortages.
Short-acting stimulants start to work within 30 minutes and last for 3-4 hours. They can be taken up to three times a day. Intermediate and long-acting stimulates require longer to work however they can provide relief from symptoms for up to 8-16 hours. These stimulants can be taken daily when you are struggling to remember to take your medication each day at the same time.
Some people experience what's called the rebound effect when their medication wears off which means that their symptoms return to their previous levels. This can lead to short-lived fatigue, a bad mood and a heightened hunger. This can be prevented by changing the dose, when it is taken or the kind of medication. Talk to your doctor when you're experiencing this problem.
Side effects
Stimulant ADHD medications increase dopamine levels in the brain, encouraging focus and reducing hyperactive and impulsive behavior. They may also improve memory and reduce aggression. Medications used for this purpose include Adderall (amphetamine/dextroamphetamine) and Ritalin (methylphenidate). These drugs are typically given orally in capsules, however some children may take them as drops or chewable tablets. These stimulants could cause adverse reactions, such as dry mouth, reduced appetite, and trouble sleeping. In some instances these side effects are mild and go away when the medication wears off. In certain instances these reactions can be serious and need medical attention.
Non-stimulant medications help manage ADHD symptoms by targeting different neurotransmitters within the brain. They also have a lower addiction or dependence risk than stimulants. These medications can cause drowsiness or dizziness. To reduce the risk of drowsiness, take the medication earlier in the day, eat breakfast before the medication starts to work and avoid drinking caffeinated beverages.
A lot of people are more responsive to long-acting or extended release medications. These formulations accumulate slowly within the body and decrease the possibility of wearing out too quickly, causing symptoms to worsen. They can also reduce the need to take the medication on a regular basis especially if you or your child has trouble keeping the count of multiple pills.
Most children and adults who are taking medications for ADHD will experience at least some side effects. These adverse effects can be controlled by monitoring your or the child's reactions and making adjustments to the dosage, and taking the medication only as prescribed. If you or your child is experiencing unpleasant or dangerous adverse effects, consult an expert in mental health regarding the possibility of switching to a different type of medication.
Sometimes, it takes a while to determine the appropriate medication for someone with ADHD. In addition, it's not uncommon for a doctor to switch you or your child between the two categories of medications--stimulant and non-stimulant--because one isn't effective or causes intolerable side effects.
Monitoring
It is crucial to remember that ADHD medication can help manage symptoms, but is not an effective cure. Your doctor may alter the dosage to control your symptoms while minimizing the side effects. ADHD treatment plans usually consist of therapy, medication and assistance from family members and teachers.
The most common ADHD drugs are stimulant medicines. They function by increasing brain chemicals that improve concentration and reduce the impulsivity and hyperactivity. Side effects can include a loss of appetite as well as sleeplessness stomachaches and headaches as well as jitteriness and an increased heart rate.
It can be difficult to find the right dose and medication for your child or you. Sometimes it takes anywhere from between a few weeks and several months before the benefits of the medication begin to be apparent. During this time it is crucial to follow the instructions of your doctor carefully and report any side effects.
Although stimulants are quick-acting and offer a benefit, they also come with a greater risk for abuse and dependency. This is one reason why many are hesitant to take them, particularly children and young adults. Non-stimulant medications are just as effective and are better for those who cannot tolerate the adverse effects of stimulants.
Non-stimulant drugs include atomoxetine dextroamphetamine and guanfacine. These drugs are endorsed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for other conditions but are also used to treat ADHD "off-label".
A recent study has found that long-term use of ADHD medications is associated with an increased risk of CVD. The risk increased with amount of medication taken and was higher in both genders. Researchers recommend that people be closely monitored, and have regular health screenings. This is particularly true for those suffering from high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease. This is especially important in the event of an early family history of cardiovascular disease or heart attack.